Mining Speed Calculator - Exact Block Break Times

How Minecraft Block Breaking Time Works

Minecraft never stores a break time directly. It works out how much progress you add per game tick: your tool's mining speed divided by the block's hardness, then divided by 30 if the tool is correct for drops or 100 if it is not. If that value reaches 1 the block breaks instantly. Otherwise the block takes ceil(1 / progress) ticks, and there are 20 ticks in a second.

The simple version most players know is break time = hardness x 1.5 seconds with the correct tool, or hardness x 5 seconds without it, divided by your tool's speed multiplier. A bare hand and a wrong-category tool use a multiplier of 1, while a correct-tier tool speeds things up: wood 2, stone 4, iron 6, diamond 8, netherite 9 and gold 12. Gold is the fastest tier of all, it just wears out almost immediately.

Because the final result is rounded up to a whole game tick, very fast mines snap to clean tick counts and anything that adds 1 or more progress per tick becomes an instamine (0 ticks). The calculator above shows the exact damage-per-tick math for whatever block and tool you pick, so you can see precisely where a block crosses into instant breaking.

One catch: using the wrong tool does not just remove the speed bonus. For blocks flagged as needing a correct tool, mining with the wrong tool also uses the slower divide-by-100 formula and yields no drops at all, so the block breaks but you get nothing. Iron ore mined with a wooden pickaxe is the classic example.

Efficiency, Haste, Fatigue and Environment Modifiers

Once you have the base speed, four kinds of modifier change it. Efficiency adds level squared plus 1 to the speed, so Efficiency V adds 26, but only when the tool's base speed is already above 1, meaning it does nothing on blocks your tool cannot mine quickly. Haste from a beacon or conduit multiplies the speed by 1 plus 0.2 per level, so Haste II is a flat 40 percent boost. Together they are how players reach instamine on stone, ores and deepslate.

The penalties cut the other way. Mining Fatigue from an elder guardian uses hardcoded Java multipliers of 0.3, 0.09, 0.0027 and 0.00081 for levels I to IV, which makes mining feel almost frozen. Mining underwater without the Aqua Affinity helmet enchantment divides your speed by 5, and being off the ground(jumping, flying or swimming) divides it by 5 again. Stack both and you mine 25 times slower, which is exactly why underwater builders put Aqua Affinity on their helmet and stand on a block.

These times assume a correct, unenchanted tool with no modifiers. Obsidian needs a diamond or netherite pickaxe to break at a sensible speed, so a wooden pickaxe is marked n/a: it would technically chip away over more than four minutes and still drop nothing. Use the calculator to layer Efficiency, Haste and the environment penalties onto any of these and read off the exact result.